migold

Evidence shows a continuing increase in the frequency and severity of global heatwaves1,2, raising concerns about the future impacts of climate change and the associated socioeconomic costs3,4. Here we develop a disaster footprint analytical framework by integrating climate, epidemiological and hybrid input–output and computable general equilibrium global trade models to estimate the midcentury socioeconomic impacts of heat stress. We consider health costs related to heat exposure, the value of heat-induced labour productivity loss and indirect losses due to economic disruptions cascading through supply chains. Here we show that the global annual incremental gross domestic product loss increases exponentially from 0.03 ± 0.01 (SSP 245)–0.05 ± 0.03 (SSP 585) percentage points during 2030–2040 to 0.05 ± 0.01–0.15 ± 0.04 percentage points during 2050–2060. By 2060, the expected global economic losses reach a total of 0.6–4.6% with losses attributed to health loss (37–45%), labour productivity loss (18–37%) and i

« La combinaison de tensions géopolitiques, du dérèglement du climat et d’une finance occupant une part croissante dans l’économie nous entraîne sur des terrains inconnus. Jusqu’à une période récente, chacun de ces sujets était abordé séparément. Désormais, ils sont indissociables, à la fois par leur gravité mais aussi parce que tous trois révèlent l’ampleur des illusions des hommes. »

Le MIT Technology Review a révélé cette semaine qu’une expérience de géo-ingénierie solaire s’était tenue au mois de septembre au Royaume-Uni. Cette expérience, à l’occasion de laquelle une petite quantité de soufre a été diffusée dans la stratosphère par ballon, s’est tenue en toute confidentialité, et en l’absence de tout...

Permafrost and glaciers in the high Arctic form an impermeable ‘cryospheric cap’ that traps a large reservoir of subsurface methane, preventing it from reaching the atmosphere. Cryospheric vulnerability to climate warming is making releases of this methane possible. On Svalbard, where air temperatures are rising more than two times faster than the average for the Arctic, glaciers are retreating and leaving behind exposed forefields that enable rapid methane escape. Here we document how methane-rich groundwater springs have formed in recently revealed forefields of 78 land-terminating glaciers across central Svalbard, bringing deep-seated methane gas to the surface. Waters collected from these springs during February–May of 2021 and 2022 are supersaturated with methane up to 600,000 times greater than atmospheric equilibration. Spatial sampling reveals a geological dependency on the extent of methane supersaturation, with isotopic evidence of a thermogenic source. We estimate annual methane emissions from prog

This Research Plan was prepared in response to a requirement in the joint explanatory statement accompanying Division B of the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2022, directing the Office of Science and Technology Policy (OSTP), with support from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), to provide a research plan for “solar and other rapid climate interventions.”

Les transports ont compté pour près de 31% de la consommation d'énergie finale en France en 2021, selon les dernières données officielles du Ministère de la Transition énergétique(1). Et les émissions de gaz à effet de serre du secteur (qui comptent pour près de 30% de l'ensemble des émissions nationales de GES) ont augmenté de 1,9% depuis 1990 alors que celles de l’ensemble des autres secteurs ont diminué de 30,5% durant cette période.

Understanding the recent history of Thwaites Glacier, and the processes controlling its ongoing retreat, is key to projecting Antarctic contributions to future sea-level rise. Of particular concern is how the glacier grounding zone might evolve over coming decades where it is stabilized by sea-floor bathymetric highs. Here we use geophysical data from an autonomous underwater vehicle deployed at the Thwaites Glacier ice front, to document the ocean-floor imprint of past retreat from a sea-bed promontory. We show patterns of back-stepping sedimentary ridges formed daily by a mechanism of tidal lifting and settling at the grounding line at a time when Thwaites Glacier was more advanced than it is today. Over a duration of 5.5 months, Thwaites grounding zone retreated at a rate of >2.1 km per year—twice the rate observed by satellite at the fastest retreating part of the grounding zone between 2011 and 2019. Our results suggest that sustained pulses of rapid retreat have occurred at Thwaites Glacier in the past

Des recherches menées par le FMI et d’autres organismes indiquent que les coûts publics d’adaptation atteindront environ 0,25 % du produit intérieur brut mondial par an au cours des prochaines décennies. Si ces estimations peuvent sembler acceptables à l’échelle mondiale, elles ne reflètent pas l’ampleur du défi auquel sont confrontés de nombreux pays pauvres et vulnérables. Nous estimons que les besoins annuels dépasseront 1 % du PIB dans une cinquantaine de pays à faible revenu et en développement au cours des dix prochaines années.

An extreme technologically adapted future has not been defined in the literature. Such a future could be argued to be morally justifiable.However, a highly technologically mediated relationship with the biosphere introduces unique risks. These are likely to endanger humanity and future Earth-originating life-forms as well as creating moral hazard. An extreme technologically adapted future is therefore undesirable compared to restabilising the biosphere.

Human activities are threatening to push the Earth system beyond its planetary boundaries, risking catastrophic and irreversible global environmental change. Action is urgently needed, yet well-intentioned policies designed to reduce pressure on a single boundary can lead, through economic linkages, to aggravation of other pressures. In particular, the potential policy spillovers from an increase in the global carbon price onto other critical Earth system processes has received little attention to date. To this end, we explore the global environmental effects of pricing carbon, beyond its effect on carbon emissions. We find that the case for carbon pricing globally becomes even stronger in a multi-boundary world, since it can ameliorate many other planetary pressures. It does however exacerbate certain planetary pressures, largely by stimulating additional biofuel production. When carbon pricing is allied with a biofuel policy, however, it can alleviate all planetary pressures. In the light of nine Earth Syst

Le terme géo-ingénierie rassemble les différentes techniques ayant pour but de manipuler délibérément le climat à l’échelle de la planète. Selon ses promoteurs, la géo-ingénierie pourrait être une solution relativement simple et rapide à mettre en œuvre pour palier les effets du réchauffement climatique causé par les émissions de gaz à effet de serre (GES) d’origine humaine. Toutefois, la géo- ingénierie condense un ensemble de questionnements à la fois scientifiques, environnementaux, diplomatiques et éthiques.

Freshwater availability is changing worldwide. Here we quantify 34 trends in terrestrial water storage observed by the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) satellites during 2002–2016 and categorize their drivers as natural interannual variability, unsustainable groundwater consumption, climate change or combinations thereof. Several of these trends had been lacking thorough investigation and attribution, including massive changes in northwestern China and the Okavango Delta. Others are consistent with climate model predictions. This observation-based assessment of how the world’s water landscape is responding to human impacts and climate variations provides a blueprint for evaluating and predicting emerging threats to water and food security. Analysis of 2002–2016 GRACE satellite observations of terrestrial water storage reveals substantial changes in freshwater resources globally, which are driven by natural and anthropogenic climate variability and human activities.