8 mars

OA - Liste

vers la Une


A l’occasion de la « Journée internationale des femmes » (définition ONU) ou de la journée célébrant les combats pour les droits des femmes, voici une liste (non-exhaustive) de signatures féminines référencées par l’Observatoire dans le cadre des thématiques traitées dans notre veille documentaire:

2024

Resilience here, then, is not the naïve faith in riding the storm and putting the world back together more or less as it was, issue by issue, but recognising the necessity to fundamentally reorganise and reorient human society in ways that can allow human flourishing and ecological sustainability in symbiotic and mutually supportive relations of reciprocity and regeneration - and in a multiplicity of ways.
This year elections are taking place across the globe, covering almost half of the world’s population. It is also likely to be, yet again, the hottest year recorded as the climate crisis intensifies. The Guardian asked young climate activists around the world what they want from the elections and whether politics is working in the fight to halt global heating.
Outgoing special rapporteur David Boyd says ‘there’s something wrong with our brains that we can’t understand how grave this is’
Climate scientists have told the Guardian they expect catastrophic levels of global heating. Here’s what that would mean for the planet
Exclusive: Planet is headed for at least 2.5C of heating with disastrous results for humanity, poll of hundreds of scientists finds
Exclusive: Survey of hundreds of experts reveals harrowing picture of future, but they warn climate fight must not be abandoned
L’atome a le vent en poupe ? Peut-être mais cela reste à prouver. Selon le dernier rapport World Nuclear Industry Status Report, le nucléaire est désormais un marché de niche, dominé par deux pays.
Plastics in the marine environment have become a major concern because of their persistence at sea, and adverse consequences to marine life and potentially human health. Implementing mitigation strategies requires an understanding and quantification of marine plastic sources, taking spatial and temporal variability into account. Here we present a global model of plastic inputs from rivers into oceans based on waste management, population density and hydrological information. Our model is calibrated against measurements available in the literature. We estimate that between 1.15 and 2.41 million tonnes of plastic waste currently enters the ocean every year from rivers, with over 74% of emissions occurring between May and October. The top 20 polluting rivers, mostly located in Asia, account for 67% of the global total. The findings of this study provide baseline data for ocean plastic mass balance exercises, and assist in prioritizing future plastic debris monitoring and mitigation strategies. Rivers provide a m
Cost of environmental damage will be six times higher than price of limiting global heating to 2C, study finds
This report written by the World Economic Forum, in collaboration with Oliver Wyman, provides an in-depth economic analysis of how climate change will reshape health landscapes over the next two decades. It highlights increased risks from new pathogens, pollution and extreme weather events and shows how these will exacerbate current health inequities, disproportionately impacting the most vulnerable populations.
You would think that we have more than sufficient troubles caused by global warming, pollution, resource depletion, biodiversity loss, ecosystem disruption and a few more. But there is a problem that’s not directly related to the natural world, but by a purely human construction: the financial market. Here is a discussion by Ian Schindler — maître de conference émérite (emeritus professor of mathematics) at the University of Toulouse 1, France, who proposes that we are close to a financial collapse.
In the UK and around the world, those who challenge rich corporations are being hounded and crushed with ever-more inventive penalties, says Guardian columnist George Monbiot
Climate records tumbled "like dominoes" in 2023, with temperatures far above any recorded level.
The global economy urgently needs to bend its emissions curve downwards
Belangrijkste les van het Wereld Economisch Forum? De klimaatproblematiek en het verlies aan natuur zijn een enorme bedreiging voor de bedrijfswereld. Heel wat CEO’s zijn zich daar intussen van bewust, maar de politiek moet nu het juiste kader scheppen, schrijft Julie Vandenberghe van WWF-België.
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Previously, anthropogenic ecological overshoot has been identified as a fundamental cause of the myriad symptoms we see around the globe today from biodiversity loss and ocean acidification to the disturbing rise in novel entities and climate change. In the present paper, we have examined this more deeply, and explore the behavioural drivers of overshoot, providing evidence that overshoot is itself a symptom of a deeper, more subversive modern crisis of human behaviour. We work to name and frame this crisis as ‘the Human Behavioural Crisis’ and propose the crisis be recognised globally as a critical intervention point for tackling ecological overshoot. We demonstrate how current interventions are largely physical, resource intensive, slow-moving and focused on addressing the symptoms of ecological overshoot (such as climate change) rather than the distal cause (maladaptive behaviours). We argue that even in the best-case scenarios, symptom-level interventions are unlikely to avoid catastrophe or achieve more

2023

Population likely to peak sooner and lower than expected with beneficial results – but environment is priority
the starkest warning yet that human activity is pushing Earth into a climate crisis that could threaten the lives of up to 6 billion people this century, stating candidly: “We are afraid of the uncharted territory that we have now entered.” Writing in the journal Biosciences, the coalition of 12 researchers, spanning North America, Europe and Asia, state in unusually stark language: “As scientists, we are increasingly being asked to tell the public the truth about the crises we face in simple and direct terms. The truth is that we are shocked by the ferocity of the extreme weather events in 2023.”
Als we binnen de grenzen van onze planeet streven naar welzijn voor iedereen, moeten we dringend nadenken over de manier waarop we onze grondstoffen en natuurlijke bronnen waarderen. Dat schrijft Mathias Schluep, algemeen directeur van het World Resources Forum.
Without a phase out of fossil fuels, by 2100, 1 in 12 hospitals worldwide will be at high risk of total or partial shutdown from extreme weather events — a total of 16,245 hospitals. Without a phase out of fossil fuels, all of these 16,245 hospitals will require adaptation, where suitable. Even with this enormous investment, for many, relocation will be the only option.
The effect of increasing the concentration of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) on global average surface air temperature might be expected to be constant, but this is not the case. A study published in the journal Science shows that carbon dioxide becomes a more potent greenhouse gas as more is released into the atmosphere.
Une longue file d'attente qui serpente à l'entrée du site, aux portes du désert: la dure réalité de la popularité des COP s'est imposée aux dizaines de milliers de délégués, observateurs et journalistes accrédités à la COP28 de Dubaï.
L’équipe STEEP de l’INRIA Grenoble a pris l’initiative de populariser les questions que nous posent aujourd’hui le rapport The limits to growth et le modèle World3 issus de la commande du club de Rome à Dennis et Donella Meadows et leur équipe du MIT en 1972. Alors que 50 ans se sont écoulés depuis sa publication, nous avons constaté que peu de personnes du grand public, mais aussi de collègues en SHS, mais aussi parfois en sciences dures, connaissaient effectivement ce moment important de la pensée systémique sur les questions de modèle de croissance engageant des modes de vie. Son titre alors que nous devons faire face à une crise majeure liée à la non prise en compte des limites planétaires pointées pourtant dans ce rapport, mais aussi en amont, nous oblige.
After 50 years, there is still an ongoing debate about the Limits to Growth (LtG) study. This paper recalibrates the 2005 World3-03 model. The input parameters are changed to better match empirical data on world development. An iterative method is used to compute and optimize different parameter sets. This improved parameter set results in a World3 simulation that shows the same overshoot and collapse mode in the coming decade as the original business as usual scenario of the LtG standard run. The main effect of the recalibration update is to raise the peaks of most variables and move them a few years into the future. The parameters with the largest relative changes are those related to industrial capital lifetime, pollution transmission delay, and urban-industrial land development time.
Mapped: Carbon Dioxide Emissions Around the World According to Our World in Data, the global population emits about 34 billion tonnes of carbon dioxide (CO₂) each year. Where does all this CO₂ come from? This graphic by Adam Symington maps out carbon emissions around the world, using 2018 data from the European Commission that tracks tonnes of CO₂ per 0.1 degree grid (roughly 11 square kilometers). This type of visualization allows us to clearly see not just population centers, but flight paths, shipping lanes, and high production areas. Let’s take a closer look at some of these concentrated (and brightly lit) regions on the map.
Earth just had the hottest September on record – and by a record-breaking margin, according to leading international datasets which are used by the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) for its State of the Global Climate monitoring reports.
In the past two years Les Soulèvements de la Terre, a network of ecological activists and groups, has used direct confrontations with polluters and developers to threaten industrial agriculture’s monopoly on the French countryside.
De son côté, le prince Abdulaziz bin Salman, ministre saoudien de l'énergie, a tenté de saper les dernières prévisions de l'Agence internationale de l'énergie selon lesquelles la demande mondiale de combustibles fossiles atteindrait le Pic Oil d’ici à 2030, alors que les énergies renouvelables, moins chères et plus propres, augmentent rapidement. Il est clair que si l’AIE annonce un pic oil, certains pays vont réfléchir à deux fois à continuer dans le pétrole et les investisseurs vont se gratter la tête.
The world’s first study of the increase in pollution from landscape fires across the globe over the past two decades reveals that over 2 billion people are exposed to at least one day of potentially health-impacting environmental hazard annually – a figure that has increased by 6.8 per cent in the last ten years.