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The Ocean Cleanup
Lancée en 2013, l’organisation à but lucratif The Ocean Cleanup a pour objectif de nettoyer les océans des déchets plastiques.
L’association The Ocean Cleanup, fondée par Boyan Slat, un inventeur néerlandais, a pour objectif d’éliminer 90 % du plastique flottant de l’océan d’ici 2040. Cet objectif ambitieux semblait à la fois réalisable et hors de portée en raison des différents résultats des systèmes de nettoyage. Mais désormais, il semble que le nouvel appareil 002 de l’association, surnommé Jenny, tienne ses promesses.
Rivers are a major source of plastic waste in the oceans. We estimate that 1000 rivers, are accountable for nearly 80% of global annual riverine plastic emissions, which range between 0.8 – 2.7 million metric tons per year, with small urban rivers amongst the most polluting.
Plastics in the marine environment have become a major concern because of their persistence at sea, and adverse consequences to marine life and potentially human health. Implementing mitigation strategies requires an understanding and quantification of marine plastic sources, taking spatial and temporal variability into account. Here we present a global model of plastic inputs from rivers into oceans based on waste management, population density and hydrological information. Our model is calibrated against measurements available in the literature. We estimate that between 1.15 and 2.41 million tonnes of plastic waste currently enters the ocean every year from rivers, with over 74% of emissions occurring between May and October. The top 20 polluting rivers, mostly located in Asia, account for 67% of the global total. The findings of this study provide baseline data for ocean plastic mass balance exercises, and assist in prioritizing future plastic debris monitoring and mitigation strategies. Rivers provide a m