Les Soulèvements de la Terre

La déconnexion quasi totale de l’Iran s’explique par une stratégie suivie depuis plusieurs années par les autorités iraniennes, qui contrôlent de près l’unique point de passage des données entrant et sortant d’Iran.

The ocean ecosystem is a vital component of the global carbon cycle, storing enough carbon to keep atmospheric CO2 considerably lower than it would otherwise be. However, this conception is based on simple models, neglecting the coupled land-ocean feedback. Using an interactive Earth system model, we show that the role ocean biology plays in controlling atmospheric CO2 is more complex than previously thought. Atmospheric CO2 in a new equilibrium state after the biological pump is shut down increases by more than 50% (163 ppm), lower than expected as approximately half the carbon lost from the ocean is adsorbed by the land. The abiotic ocean is less capable of taking up anthropogenic carbon due to the warmer climate, an absent biological surface pCO2 deficit and a higher Revelle factor. Prioritizing research on and preserving marine ecosystem functioning would be crucial to mitigate climate change and the risks associated with it.

Pesticides affect a diverse range of non-target species and may be linked to global biodiversity loss. The magnitude of this hazard remains only partially understood. We present a synthesis of pesticide (insecticide, herbicide and fungicide) impacts on multiple non-target organisms across trophic levels based on 20,212 effect sizes from 1,705 studies. For non-target plants, animals (invertebrate and vertebrates) and microorganisms (bacteria and fungi), we show negative responses of the growth, reproduction, behaviour and other physiological biomarkers within terrestrial and aquatic systems. Pesticides formulated for specific taxa negatively affected non-target groups, e.g. insecticidal neonicotinoids affecting amphibians. Negative effects were more pronounced in temperate than tropical regions but were consistent between aquatic and terrestrial environments, even after correcting for field-realistic terrestrial and environmentally relevant exposure scenarios. Our results question the sustainability of current

Cette prouesse dans le domaine quantique ouvre des perspectives fascinantes pour l’avenir des communications.

Depuis le début de la guerre contre le Hamas à Gaza et le Hezbollah dans le Sud-Liban, l’armée israélienne a renforcé ses opérations de brouillage des télécommunications. Et notamment des signaux GPS qui permettent de guider les missiles et drones. Quitte à perturber profondément la vie quotidienne des Libanais et des Israéliens.

Under current emission trajectories, temporarily overshooting the Paris global warming limit of 1.5 °C is a distinct possibility. Permanently exceeding this limit would substantially increase the probability of triggering climate tipping elements. Here, we investigate the tipping risks associated with several policy-relevant future emission scenarios, using a stylised Earth system model of four interconnected climate tipping elements.

Natural ecosystems store large amounts of carbon globally, as organisms absorb carbon from the atmosphere to build large, long-lasting, or slow-decaying structures such as tree bark or root systems. An ecosystem’s carbon sequestration potential is tightly linked to its biological diversity. Yet when considering future projections, many carbon sequestration models fail to account for the role biodiversity plays in carbon storage. Here, we assess the consequences of plant biodiversity loss for carbon storage under multiple climate and land-use change scenarios. We link a macroecological model projecting changes in vascular plant richness under different scenarios with empirical data on relationships between biodiversity and biomass. We find that biodiversity declines from climate and land use change could lead to a global loss of between 7.44-103.14 PgC (global sustainability scenario) and 10.87-145.95 PgC (fossil-fueled development scenario). This indicates a self-reinforcing feedback loop, where higher levels

Land degradation is a complex socio-environmental threat, which generally occurs as multiple concurrent pathways that remain largely unexplored in Europe. Here we present an unprecedented analysis of land multi-degradation in 40 continental countries, using twelve dataset-based processes that were modelled as land degradation convergence and combination pathways in Europe’s agricultural (and arable) environments. Using a Land Multi-degradation Index, we find that up to 27%, 35% and 22% of continental agricultural (~2 million km2) and arable (~1.1 million km2) lands are currently threatened by one, two, and three drivers of degradation, while 10–11% of pan-European agricultural/arable landscapes are cumulatively affected by four and at least five concurrent processes. We also explore the complex pattern of spatially interacting processes, emphasizing the major combinations of land degradation pathways across continental and national boundaries. Our results will enable policymakers to develop knowledge-based st

La plantation d'arbres, outil classique de la lutte contre le réchauffement climatique, peut avoir l'effet inverse si elle transforme des terrains clairs, qui réfléchissent l'énergie du soleil, en une forêt sombre qui l'absorbe, avertit une étude publiée mardi, qui cartographie les lieux propices au reboisement.

Quelques jours après le passage du cyclone Belal, de nombreux foyers sont encore privés d’eau et d’électricité. Certains travaux pour la production électrique prendront « plusieurs mois », selon EDF.

De nombreuses personnes auraient été tuées dans des frappes israéliennes sur deux écoles de l'Organisation des Nations unies (Onu) dans la ville de Gaza, où se réfugient un grand nombre de Palestiniens déplacés, ont indiqué plusieurs médias.

Our work complements and enhances the work of others in the fields of science, health, business, industry, culture, finance, academia, politics and civil society. Established in 2012, the GSCC is a collaborative network of people working across a number of different organisations operating across six continents and covering themes such as climate science and impacts, food and nature, finance and economics, energy, transport, industry, and multilateral climate processes.

Deux scientifiques belges spécialisés dans la communication, Wim Vermeulen et Inez Schoenaers de l’agence de communication Bubka, et le professeur Gino Verleye enseignant à l’UGent, à la VUB et à l’imec sont parvenus à déchiffrer le langage de la durabilité. Ils ont ainsi défini les six caractéristiques qui confèrent de la crédibilité aux communications d’entreprise en matière de durabilité destinées au grand public. Les recherches apportent une contribution de taille à la science de la communication internationale et ont été publiées la semaine dernière par Frontiers, l’une des plus importantes maisons d’édition de revues scientifiques au monde. L’article s’est vu attribuer la classification A1, la plus élevée qui soit.

Although humans have long been predators with enduring nutritive and cultural relationships with their prey, seldom have conservation ecologists considered the divergent predatory behavior of contemporary, industrialized humans. Recognizing that the number, strength and diversity of predator-prey relationships can profoundly influence biodiversity, here we analyze humanity’s modern day predatory interactions with vertebrates and estimate their ecological consequences. Analysing IUCN ‘use and trade’ data for ~47,000 species, we show that fishers, hunters and other animal collectors prey on more than a third (~15,000 species) of Earth’s vertebrates. Assessed over equivalent ranges, humans exploit up to 300 times more species than comparable non-human predators. Exploitation for the pet trade, medicine, and other uses now affects almost as many species as those targeted for food consumption, and almost 40% of exploited species are threatened by human use. Trait space analyses show that birds and mammals threaten

The sixth assessment report of the IPCC assessed that the Arctic is projected to be on average practically ice-free in September near mid-century under intermediate and high greenhouse gas emissions scenarios, though not under low emissions scenarios, based on simulations from the latest generation Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6) models. Here we show, using an attribution analysis approach, that a dominant influence of greenhouse gas increases on Arctic sea ice area is detectable in three observational datasets in all months of the year, but is on average underestimated by CMIP6 models. By scaling models’ sea ice response to greenhouse gases to best match the observed trend in an approach validated in an imperfect model test, we project an ice-free Arctic in September under all scenarios considered. These results emphasize the profound impacts of greenhouse gas emissions on the Arctic, and demonstrate the importance of planning for and adapting to a seasonally ice-free Arctic in the near

Flash drought, characterized by unusually rapid drying, can have substantial impact on many socioeconomic sectors, particularly agriculture. However, potential changes to flash drought risk in a warming climate remain unknown. In this study, projected changes in flash drought frequency and cropland risk from flash drought are quantified using global climate model simulations. We find that flash drought occurrence is expected to increase globally among all scenarios, with the sharpest increases seen in scenarios with higher radiative forcing and greater fossil fuel usage. Flash drought risk over cropland is expected to increase globally, with the largest increases projected across North America (change in annual risk from 32% in 2015 to 49% in 2100) and Europe (32% to 53%) in the most extreme emissions scenario. Following low-end and medium scenarios compared to high-end scenarios indicates a notable reduction in annual flash drought risk over cropland. Flash droughts are projected to become more frequent unde

Publications and communications

Les dernières communications du Premier Ministre belge Alexander De Croo à la COP27 ou dans une lettre ouverte, me pousse à vous partager mes réflexions sur son discours. Les mouvements de justice climatique doivent continuer leur travail car il ne faut pas oublier que c'est grâce à une pression constante que nous pouvons aller au plus proche de décisions ambitieuses. Sans mouvements massifs et constants, il n'y aura pas de changement systémique qui est nécessaire. A tout les activistes qui lisent ce message: Dont stop, never stop ! 🎵 @julieschummer 🎥 @luciemorauw

Persistent heat extremes can have severe impacts on ecosystems and societies, including excess mortality, wildfires, and harvest failures. Here we identify Europe as a heatwave hotspot, exhibiting upward trends that are three-to-four times faster compared to the rest of the northern midlatitudes over the past 42 years. This accelerated trend is linked to atmospheric dynamical changes via an increase in the frequency and persistence of double jet stream states over Eurasia. We find that double jet occurrences are particularly important for western European heatwaves, explaining up to 35% of temperature variability. The upward trend in the persistence of double jet events explains almost all of the accelerated heatwave trend in western Europe, and about 30% of it over the extended European region. Those findings provide evidence that in addition to thermodynamical drivers, atmospheric dynamical changes have contributed to the increased rate of European heatwaves, with implications for risk management and potent

Des travaux de terrain menés au nord du Groenland suggèrent qu’une fois effondrées, les plateformes de glace ne sont plus en mesure de se reformer à moins que le climat ne se refroidisse considérablement. Aussi, un simple retour aux conditions pré-effondrement n’est pas suffisant. Les résultats ont été publiés dans la revue Nature Communications ce 9 mai.