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The modern agricultural production system relies heavily on the use of synthetic pesticides, but over the course of recent decades various concerns have been raised on the associated negative externalities touching a variety of dimensions, such as human health and the environment. Yet, the magnitude of those effects is still unclear and data availability is scattered and heterogenous across dimensions, regions, and time. The public sector is called upon to develop and implement strategies to face those externalities and their associated social costs. This study aims to provide an assessment of social costs of pesticides in France in the prospect of an integration to the public budget spending, helping public authorities to identify financial flows of public funding with an impact perspective, within a methodological framework based on the social norms at the core of the public system. The results show that the social costs attributable to synthetic pesticide use in France amounted to 372 million euros, of whi

Enseignant dans une grande école d’Ingénieurs en Suisse, très engagé dans la sensibilisation des étudiant·e·s à la crise écologique et aux immenses défis du XXIème siècle, Dominique a également co-organisé – avec la Maison du Dessin de Presse à Morges – un événement de sensibilisation à l’urgence écologique à partir de dessins de presse du monde entier et de grands tableaux historiques co-réalisés avec son équipe pour présenter les Événements et catastrophes ; les livres clés, rapports et lois ; les sommets, réunions, conventions et manifestations ; et enfin les organisations engagées.

Dossier spécial

Plants should be flourishing in these ocean waters with plenty of nutrients and inorganic carbon in the form carbonic acid. It could be possible the phytoplankton are missing key nutrients such as ferric, but why should this be happening now?

Independent Expert Panel for theLegal Definition of Ecocide - June 2021 It is widely recognised that humanity stands at a crossroads. The scientific evidence points to the conclusion that the emission of greenhouse gases and the destruction of ecosystems at current rates will have catastrophic consequences for our common environment. Along with political, diplomatic and economic initiatives, international law has a role to play in transforming our relationship with the natural world, shifting that relationship from one of harm to one of harmony.

An extensive new multi-proxy database of paleo-temperature time series (Temperature 12k) enables a more robust analysis of global mean surface temperature (GMST) and associated uncertainties than was previously available. We applied five different statistical methods to reconstruct the GMST of the past 12,000 years (Holocene). Each method used different approaches to averaging the globally distributed time series and to characterizing various sources of uncertainty, including proxy temperature, chronology and methodological choices. The results were aggregated to generate a multi-method ensemble of plausible GMST and latitudinal-zone temperature reconstructions with a realistic range of uncertainties. The warmest 200-year-long interval took place around 6500 years ago when GMST was 0.7 °C (0.3, 1.8) warmer than the 19th Century (median, 5th, 95th percentiles). Following the Holocene global thermal maximum, GMST cooled at an average rate −0.08 °C per 1000 years (−0.24, −0.05). The multi-method ensembles and th

Chaque année en Europe, plus de 1000 km² de terres agricoles et naturelles sont urbanisées. L’équivalent de la surface de Berlin. Une route, des maisons, des entrepôts, des bureaux, c’est construit pour durer. " Cela coûte assez cher à bâtir, vous n’allez pas l’enlever… et avec quoi voudriez-vous l’enlever ? " Voilà pourquoi l’urbanisation est un phénomène qualifié d’irréversible.

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