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Under current emission trajectories, temporarily overshooting the Paris global warming limit of 1.5 °C is a distinct possibility. Permanently exceeding this limit would substantially increase the probability of triggering climate tipping elements. Here, we investigate the tipping risks associated with several policy-relevant future emission scenarios, using a stylised Earth system model of four interconnected climate tipping elements. We show that following current policies this century would commit to a 45% tipping risk by 2300 (median, 10–90% range: 23–71%), even if temperatures are brought back to below 1.5 °C. We find that tipping risk by 2300 increases with every additional 0.1 °C of overshoot above 1.5 °C and strongly accelerates for peak warming above 2.0 °C. Achieving and maintaining at least net zero greenhouse gas emissions by 2100 is paramount to minimise tipping risk in the long term. Our results underscore that stringent emission reductions in the current decade are critical for planetary stabili

Over the past 50 years, humans have extracted the Earth’s groundwater stocks at a steep rate, largely to fuel global agro-economic development. Given society’s growing reliance on groundwater, we explore ‘peak water limits’ to investigate whether, when and where humanity might reach peak groundwater extraction. Using an integrated global model of the coupled human–Earth system, we simulate groundwater withdrawals across 235 water basins under 900 future scenarios of global change over the twenty-first century. Here we find that global non-renewable groundwater withdrawals exhibit a distinct peak-and-decline signature, comparable to historical observations of other depletable resources (for example, minerals), in nearly all (98%) scenarios, peaking on average at 625 km3 yr−1 around mid-century, followed by a decline through 2100. The peak and decline occur in about one-third (82) of basins, including 21 that may have already peaked, exposing about half (44%) of the global population to groundwater stress. Most

How the EU is boosting the mining and defence industries in the name of climate action

A new record high, but is there light at the end of the tunnel?

The State of the Cryosphere 2023 – Two Degrees is Too High report shows that all of the Earth’s frozen parts will experience irreversible damage at 2°C of global warming, with disastrous consequences for millions of people, societies, and nature. Confirming that just 2°C of global warming will trigger irreversible loss to Earth’s ice sheets, mountain glaciers and snow, sea ice, permafrost, and polar oceans, it updates the latest science and highlights the global impacts from cryosphere loss.

Les forêts françaises couvrent 31% du territoire métropolitain. Elles contribuent de multiples façons au bienêtre humain (production de bois, purification de l’air et de l’eau, maintien des sols, habitat pour la biodiversité, alimentation, santé, activités récréatives, etc.) et participent aux Objectifs de Développement Durable fixés par l’ONU. En particulier, la France s’étant engagée à atteindre la neutralité carbone dès 2050, le rôle de puits et de stockage de carbone des forêts est considéré comme un élément majeur de sa Stratégie Nationale Bas Carbone (SNBC). Depuis quelques années, les forêts françaises, dont la surface n’avait cessé de croître depuis plus d’un siècle, connaissent, de façon inquiétante, une diminution de productivité, des dépérissements massifs et un risque incendie accru. Le changement climatique en cours met ainsi en péril les ressources forestières et leur contribution attendue pour préserver la biodiversité, favoriser le développement rural et la bioéconomie, renforcer la production

La Commission européenne a présenté le 5 juillet sa proposition de nouveau cadre législatif pour les nouvelles techniques de modification génétique, qui vise à d’exclure les OGM obtenus par mutagénèse dirigée et cisgenèse des obligations d’évaluation des risques, d’étiquetage, de traçabilité et de contrôle.

This paper catalogues current efforts to address climate change within multilateral economic and financial institutions and related organizations. It also proposes a minimum set of policy measures that need to be prioritized by such institutions to support climate change mitigation and adaptation. The proposals include expanding public climate finance via multilateral development banks, doing more to mobilize private investment, mainstreaming climate considerations across institutional operations, making climate disclosures mandatory, and addressing sovereign debt distress to unlock private climate finance.

Gestational exposure to ambient fine particles (PM2.5) increases the risk of stillbirth, but the related disease burden is unknown, particularly in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). We combine state-of-the-art estimates on stillbirths, and multiple exposure–response functions obtained from previous meta-analyses or derived by a self-matched case-control study in 54 LMICs. 13,870 stillbirths and 32,449 livebirths are extracted from 113 geocoded surveys from the Demographic and Health Surveys. Each stillbirth is compared to livebirth(s) of the same mother using a conditional logit regression. We find that 10-µg/m3 increase of PM2.5 is associated with an 11.0% (95% confidence interval [CI] 6.4, 15.7) increase in the risk of stillbirth, and the association is significantly enhanced by maternal age. Based on age-specific nonlinear PM2.5–stillbirth curves, we evaluate the PM2.5-related stillbirths in 137 countries. In 2015, of 2.09 (95% CI: 1.98, 2.20) million stillbirths, 0.83 (0.54, 1.08) million or 39.7%

Mercredi 13 juillet, Notre Affaire à Tous publie le Benchmark 2022 de la vigilance climatique des multinationales, qui passe au crible la conformité de 27 multinationales françaises à leurs obligations légales. L’objet de cette étude est d’évaluer la mise en œuvre de la loi sur le devoir de vigilance en matière climatique. Pour ce faire, des critères de notation ont été développés afin d’évaluer le comportement des multinationales.

The IPBES #PandemicsReport is one of the most scientifically robust examinations of the evidence and knowledge about links between pandemic risk and nature since the COVID-19 pandemic began - with 22 of the world's leading experts from fields as diverse as epidemiology, zoology, public health, disease ecology, comparative pathology, veterinary medicine, pharmacology, wildlife health, mathematical modelling, economics, law, and public policy as authors of the report. The expertise of the 22 authors was further augmented by contributions and knowledge resources from the Convention on Biological Diversity, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species, the United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification, and the World Health Organization - as well as a peer review process.

The Working Group III report provides an updated global assessment of climate change mitigation progress and pledges, and examines the sources of global emissions. It explains developments in emission reduction and mitigation efforts, assessing the impact of national climate pledges in relation to long-term emissions goals.

The IEA examines the full spectrum of energy issues including oil, gas and coal supply and demand, renewable energy technologies, electricity markets, energy efficiency, access to energy, demand side management and much more. Through its work, the IEA advocates policies that will enhance the reliability, affordability and sustainability of energy in its 30 member countries, 8 association countries and beyond.

Notre monde et notre société se trouvent confrontés à des défis fondamentaux. Non seulement les interconnexions sont plus nombreuses, mais les controverses le sont tout autant. Les réalisations de la construction européenne d’après-guerre sont remises en question. L’ordre international subit des pressions. Pour la première fois depuis la chute du mur de Berlin, des régimes autoritaires attaquent ouvertement les principes de nos démocraties libérales. La Belgique et l’Europe doivent également faire face à des menaces nouvelles et plus complexes. Les acteurs étatiques et non étatiques se tournent de plus en plus souvent vers des méthodes hybrides qui testent les frontières entre la guerre et la paix, allant de l’influence de l’opinion publique par la désinformation aux cyber-attaques de grande envergure. Les conflits aux frontières de l’Europe favorisent le terrorisme et les flux migratoires.

As a leading climate scientist, Paola Arias doesn’t need to look far to see the world changing. Shifting rain patterns threaten water supplies in her home city of Medellín, Colombia, while rising sea levels endanger the country’s coastline. She isn’t confident that international leaders will slow global warming or that her own government can handle the expected fallout, such as mass migrations and civil unrest over rising inequality. With such an uncertain future, she thought hard several years ago about whether to have children.

Scientists are hopeful that the National Ignition Facility’s recent success will advance understanding of thermonuclear reactions.

Des pôles à l’équateur, de la Sibérie au Canada, le constat est là : la planète brûle, fond, le climat se délite. Retrouvez dans notre atlas du réchauffement climatique des cartes et des infographies, et toujours les reportages et les points de vue de la presse étrangère pour comprendre le processus. Et surtout pour agir.

Meeting human needs at sustainable levels of energy use is fundamental for avoiding catastrophic climate change and securing the well-being of all people. In the current political-economic regime, no country does so. Here, we assess which socio-economic conditions might enable societies to satisfy human needs at low energy use, to reconcile human well-being with climate mitigation.

Dans le cadre de l'observatoire de l'artificialisation, le Cerema produit annuellement un rapport analysant les chiffres de la consommation d'espaces à un niveau national et local, en mettant en avant plusieurs éléments permettant de mieux comprendre ce phénomène pour mieux le limiter.

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