Intempéries

Hoe maken we in de toekomst nog medicijnen, bouwmaterialen, textiel of verpakkingsmaterialen als we geen fossiele grondstoffen meer gebruiken? Er bestaan al veel alternatieven, maar die kunnen vaak nog niet gebruikt worden. Gelukkig kunnen slimme computerprogramma’s ons helpen.

Bart De Wever schreef in zijn boek over woke dat het ‘onze cultuur vernietigt’ of ‘het water waarin we ons bevinden vergiftigt’. Maar als je vraagt wat woke precies is, blijft het antwoord meestal uit, schrijft sociaal-econoom Emmanuel O. Iyamu. Wat betekent woke nu echt?

De wereldwijde overschakeling op groene energie doet de vraag naar een aantal cruciale grondstoffen enorm stijgen. Europa is voor deze grondstoffen grotendeels afhankelijk van import uit andere landen. Met de Critical Raw Materials Act wil de EU die afhankelijkheid bijsturen.

A liquified natural gas (LNG) crisis is brewing for European countries dealing with energy insecurity in the wake of Russia’s invasion of Ukraine, as demand will outstrip supply by the end of this year, Rystad Energy research shows. Although soaring demand has spurred the greatest rush of new LNG projects worldwide in more than a decade, construction timelines mean material relief is unlikely only after 2024. Global LNG demand is expected to hit 436 million tonnes in 2022, outpacing the available supply of just 410 million tonnes. A perfect winter storm may be forming for Europe as the continent seeks to limit Russian gas flows. The supply imbalance and high prices will set the scene for the most bullish environment for LNG projects in more than a decade, although supply from these projects will only arrive and provide relief from after 2024 The European Union’s REPowerEU plan has set an ambitious target to reduce dependence on Russian gas by 66% within this year – an aim that will clash with the EU’s goal of

Metals will play a central role in successfully building Europe’s clean technology value chains and meeting the EU’s 2050 climate-neutrality goal. In the wake of supply disruptions from the COVID-19 pandemic and Russia's invasion of Ukraine, Europe’s lack of resilience for its growing metals needs has become a strategic concern. This study evaluates how Europe can fulfil its goal of “achieving resource security” and “reducing strategic dependencies” for its energy transition metals, through a demand, supply, and sustainability assessment of the EU Green Deal and its resource needs . It concludes that Europe has a window of opportunity to lay the foundation for a higher level of strate- gic autonomy and sustainability for its strategic metals through optimised recycling, domestic value chain investment, and more active global sourcing. But firm action is needed soon to avoid bottlenecks for several materials that risk being in global short supply at the end of this decade.

La bataille pour refroidir la planète semble paradoxalement provoquer une surchauffe de l'économie. C'est l'essence même de la « greenflation » : le coup de fouet supplémentaire donné aux prix lorsque l'inflation classique par les coûts - que nous connaissons maintenant que le monde se remet de la pandémie grâce à des mesures de relance budgétaire/monétaire massives et à un important excédent d'épargne - est dopée par les coûts de la transition écologique.

Aurore Stéphant est ingénieure géologue minier, spécialisée dans les risques environnementaux et sanitaires de l'industrie minière. Elle est cofondatrice de l'association SystExt(Systèmes extractifs et Environnements) qui regroupe des professionnels en activité ayant un intérêt commun pour les systèmes extractifs, en particulier miniers, et des compétences pour s'approprier les problématiques techniques associées à ces activités. Nous avons discuté de ce qu'est l'industrie minière et les particularités liés aux métaux nécessaires au numérique.

During the last shale oil boom when producers were racing to see who could pump the most the fastest, some experts warned that shale oil had a flaw that would come to haunt these producers: wells were quick to start producing but also quick to deplete. Now, industry data suggests that the depletion is advancing. The Wall Street Journal’s Colin Eaton cited reserve inventory data from the shale patch in a recent analysis that pointed to a stable decline that may be irreversible. Eaton also quoted industry executives as making plans for such an irreversible development.

The U.S. nuclear power regulator last month suspended the shipment of radioactive materials and a hydrogen isotope used in reactors to China's largest state-owned nuclear company, CGN, reflecting Washington's concerns about the country's buildup of atomic weapons.

Quelles sont les conséquences physiques de la dématérialisation ? Comment les données impalpables pèsent elles sur l’environnement ? Quel est le bilan carbone du numérique ? Autant de questions que les utilisateurs d’outils connectés en tout genre ne se posent pas. Et pourtant, la légèreté du net pourrait bien s’avérer insoutenable. Guillaume Pitron nous propose une enquête fascinante qui interroge le coût matériel du virtuel.

This article argues that resource and logistical constraints weighing on low-carbon energy and CO2 capture technologies are likely to pave the way for geo-engineering solutions such as Stratospheric Aerosol Injection (SAI), which demand negligible land, material, and energy inputs. This “climate transition without carbon transition”, though technically feasible, is far from being that simple, raising a whole new set of environmental risks as well as geopolitical, institutional, and ethical issues.

Et si l’Europe en attendait trop de ses forêts ? Selon un récent rapport du cabinet de conseil Material Economics, en pointe sur les sujets liés à la durabilité et l’économie, l’Union européenne "surestime de loin l’offre de biomasse d’origine végétale et forestière potentiellement disponible".

A novel methodology is developed to dynamically assess the energy and material investments required over time to achieve the transition from fossil fuels to renewable energy sources in the electricity sector. The obtained results indicate that a fast transition achieving a 100% renewable electric system globally by 2060 consistent with the Green Growth narrative could decrease the EROI of the energy system from current ~12:1 to ~3:1 by the mid-century, stabilizing thereafter at ~5:1. These EROI levels are well below the thresholds identified in the literature required to sustain industrial complex societies. Moreover, this transition could drive a substantial re-materialization of the economy, exacerbating risk availability in the future for some minerals. Hence, the results obtained put into question the consistence and viability of the Green Growth narrative.

After water, concrete is the most widely used substance on Earth. If the cement industry were a country, it would be the third largest carbon dioxide emitter in the world with up to 2.8bn tonnes, surpassed only by China and the US. The material is the foundation of modern development. Concrete is how we try to tame nature...

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