Jean Jouzel

Scenarios serve as a critical tool in climate change analysis, enabling the exploration of future evolution of the climate system, climate impacts, and the human system (including mitigation and adaptation actions). This paper describes the scenario framework for ScenarioMIP as part of CMIP7. The design process has involved various rounds of interaction with the research community and user groups at large. The proposal covers a set of scenarios exploring high levels of climate change (to explore high-end climate risks), medium levels of climate change (anchored to current policy), and low levels of climate change (aligned with current international agreements). These scenarios follow very different trajectories in terms of emissions, with some likely to experience peaks and subsequent declines in greenhouse gas concentrations in this century. An important innovation is that most scenarios are intended to be run, if possible, in emission-driven mode, providing a better representation of the Earth system uncert

La concentration de dioxyde de carbone (CO2) dans l'atmosphère a connu l’an dernier sa plus forte hausse depuis 1957, a alerté mercredi l’Organisation météorologique des Nations unies (OMM). En cause, l’augmentation continue des émissions de gaz à effet de serre d’origine humaine, qui affaiblit la capacité des forêts et des océans à absorber le carbone.

Les concentrations de dioxyde de carbone ont connu la plus forte hausse depuis 1957, ont averti ce mercredi 15 octobre les Nations unies.

Les concentrations de dioxyde de carbone ont connu leur plus forte hausse depuis 1957, a averti mercredi l’organisation météorologique des Nations unies. En cause, la hausse persistante des émissions d’origine humaine et la multiplication des feux de forêt.

Anthropogenic activities are increasing the amount of carbon dioxide (CO2) in the atmosphere. There is mounting experimental evidence that lifetime exposure to these increasing atmospheric CO2 levels can negatively impact the normal physiology of organisms. However, directly assessing this in humans is very difficult. We analysed serum bicarbonate (HCO3−), calcium (Ca) and phosphorus (P) levels from the U.S. National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 1999 to 2020 as indirect proxies for atmospheric CO2 exposure. Over this period, average bicarbonate levels in this population show an increasing trend which parallels rising atmospheric CO2 concentrations. Both Ca and Phave decreased steadily over the same period. If these trends continue, blood bicarbonate values could be at the limit of the accepted healthy range in half a century, and Ca and P will be at the limit of their healthy ranges by the end of this century. Studies indicate that, after this time, elevated atmospheric carbon dioxide

Une proposition israélienne visant à regrouper l'ensemble de la population de Gaza dans une "ville humanitaire" provoque un tollé, ses détracteurs y voyant une première étape vers le retour d'une administration israélienne dans le petit territoire palestinien.

In a rapidly changing climate, evidence-based decision-making benefits from up-to-date and timely information. Here we compile monitoring datasets (published at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15639576; Smith et al., 2025a) to produce updated estimates for key indicators of the state of the climate system: net emissions of greenhouse gases and short-lived climate forcers, greenhouse gas concentrations, radiative forcing, the Earth's energy imbalance, surface temperature changes, warming attributed to human activities, the remaining carbon budget, and estimates of global temperature extremes. This year, we additionally include indicators for sea-level rise and land precipitation change. We follow methods as closely as possible to those used in the IPCC Sixth Assessment Report (AR6) Working Group One report.

Recent simulations using the Community Earth System Model (CESM) indicate that a tipping event of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) would cause Europe to cool by several degrees. This AMOC tipping event was found under constant pre-industrial greenhouse gas forcing, while global warming likely limits this AMOC-induced cooling response. Here, we quantify the European temperature responses under different AMOC regimes and climate change scenarios. A strongly reduced AMOC state and intermediate global warming (C, Representative Concentration Pathway 4.5) has a profound cooling effect on Northwestern Europe with more intense cold extremes. The largest temperature responses are found during the winter months and these responses are strongly influenced by the North Atlantic sea-ice extent. Enhanced North Atlantic storm track activity under an AMOC collapse results in substantially larger day-to-day temperature fluctuations. We conclude that the (far) future European temperatures are dependent o

Cette vidéo propose une approche didactique originale pour faire comprendre qualitativement le lien entre l'augmentation de la concentration en CO₂ atmosphérique et le réchauffement climatique.

Alors que de les microplastiques se retrouvent désormais partout, plusieurs études ont livré des conclusions préoccupantes sur le plan de la santé humaine. Or, si certaines recherches évoquent une augmentation de la concentration de particules dans l’organisme, d’autres mettent en avant des effets sur les animaux.