La veille

Les courants marins de l’océan Atlantique, qui façonnent une grande partie du climat mondial, changent de manière préoccupante. L’un des phénomènes les plus inquiétants est l’affaiblissement de la circulation méridionale de retournement de l’Atlantique (AMOC), un système de courants vitaux pour l’équilibre climatique de la Terre. En effet, ce processus, connu sous le nom de « grand convoyeur océanique », joue un rôle clé dans la régulation des températures et des conditions météorologiques à travers le monde. Selon des chercheurs, l’effondrement des courants de l’océan Atlantique pourrait être imminent, avec des conséquences catastrophiques au niveau mondial.

L'affaiblissement des courants dans l'Atlantique aura des effets « dévastateurs et irréversibles » sur de nombreux pays. La fonte rapide des glaciers arctiques pourrait précipiter leur effondrement.

The Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation is the main driver of northward heat transport in the Atlantic Ocean today, setting global climate patterns. Whether global warming has affected the strength of this overturning circulation over the past century is still debated: observational studies suggest that there has been persistent weakening since the mid-twentieth century, whereas climate models systematically simulate a stable circulation. Here, using Earth system and eddy-permitting coupled ocean–sea-ice models, we show that a freshening of the subarctic Atlantic Ocean and weakening of the overturning circulation increase the temperature and salinity of the South Atlantic on a decadal timescale through the propagation of Kelvin and Rossby waves. We also show that accounting for upper-end meltwater input in historical simulations significantly improves the data–model agreement on past changes in the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation, yielding a slowdown of 0.46 sverdrups per decade since 1950

L’équilibre climatique de notre planète est menacé par un phénomène alarmant : le possible effondrement du courant de l’Atlantique Nord. Cette catastrophe potentielle, mise en lumière par une communauté de climatologues renommés, pourrait avoir des conséquences dévastatrices à l’échelle mondiale. Examinons de plus près les enjeux et les implications de cette situation préoccupante.

The idea that the AMOC is headed to collapse is very controversial, but it is clearly weakening. If the circulation did collapse, the consequences on both sides of the Atlantic Ocean would be immense—including large changes in temperature and a spike in weather-related disasters.

The Atlantic Ocean's most vital ocean current is showing troubling signs of reaching a disastrous tipping point. Oceanographer Stefan Rahmstorf tells Live Science what the impacts could be.

The network of Atlantic ocean currents keeping the Earth's climate stable are far closer to collapse than first estimated, scientists warn.

AMOC collapse would bring severe global climate repercussions, with Europe bearing the brunt of the consequences.

Several studies in recent years have suggested the crucial system — the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation, or AMOC — could be on course for collapse, weakened by warmer ocean temperatures and disrupted saltiness caused by human-induced climate change. But the new research, which is being peer-reviewed and hasn’t yet been published in a journal, uses a state-of-the-art model to estimate when it could collapse, suggesting a shutdown could happen between 2037 and 2064.

There is increasing concern that the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) may collapse this century with a disrupting societal impact on large parts of the world. Preliminary estimates of the probability of such an AMOC collapse have so far been based on conceptual models and statistical analyses of proxy data. Here, we provide observationally based estimates of such probabilities from reanalysis data. We first identify optimal observation regions of an AMOC collapse from a recent global climate model simulation. Salinity data near the southern boundary of the Atlantic turn out to be optimal to provide estimates of the time of the AMOC collapse in this model. Based on the reanalysis products, we next determine probability density functions of the AMOC collapse time. The collapse time is estimated between 2037-2064 (10-90% CI) with a mean of 2050 and the probability of an AMOC collapse before the year 2050 is estimated to be 59±17%.