Veille 2.1

Evidence shows a continuing increase in the frequency and severity of global heatwaves1,2, raising concerns about the future impacts of climate change and the associated socioeconomic costs3,4. Here we develop a disaster footprint analytical framework by integrating climate, epidemiological and hybrid input–output and computable general equilibrium global trade models to estimate the midcentury socioeconomic impacts of heat stress. We consider health costs related to heat exposure, the value of heat-induced labour productivity loss and indirect losses due to economic disruptions cascading through supply chains. Here we show that the global annual incremental gross domestic product loss increases exponentially from 0.03 ± 0.01 (SSP 245)–0.05 ± 0.03 (SSP 585) percentage points during 2030–2040 to 0.05 ± 0.01–0.15 ± 0.04 percentage points during 2050–2060. By 2060, the expected global economic losses reach a total of 0.6–4.6% with losses attributed to health loss (37–45%), labour productivity loss (18–37%) and i

Anthropogenic emissions drive global-scale warming yet the temperature increase relative to pre-industrial levels is uncertain. Using 300 years of ocean mixed-layer temperature records preserved in sclerosponge carbonate skeletons, we demonstrate that industrial-era warming began in the mid-1860s, more than 80 years earlier than instrumental sea surface temperature records. The Sr/Ca palaeothermometer was calibrated against ‘modern’ (post-1963) highly correlated (R2 = 0.91) instrumental records of global sea surface temperatures, with the pre-industrial defined by nearly constant (<±0.1 °C) temperatures from 1700 to the early 1860s. Increasing ocean and land-air temperatures overlap until the late twentieth century, when the land began warming at nearly twice the rate of the surface oceans. Hotter land temperatures, together with the earlier onset of industrial-era warming, indicate that global warming was already 1.7 ± 0.1 °C above pre-industrial levels by 2020. Our result is 0.5 °C higher than IPCC estim

Hoe kunnen we, in het licht van toenemende droogte, overstromingen en de snelle bevolkingsgroei de toegang tot voldoende zuiver water garanderen? Wetenschappers Jim Saiers en Shimi Anisfeld denken na over de toekomst van ons water en geven oplossingen op korte en lange termijn.

Hoe kunnen we, in het licht van toenemende droogte, overstromingen en de snelle bevolkingsgroei de toegang tot voldoende zuiver water garanderen? Want ook vanuit de landbouw, de industrie en de energiesector is de vraag naar water groeiend. Professor Hydrologie Jim Saiers en hoofddocent en onderzoekswetenschapper Water en Milieuchemie Shimi Anisfeld van de Yale School of the Environment denken na over de toekomst van ons water en geven oplossingen op korte en lange termijn.

Flash drought, characterized by unusually rapid drying, can have substantial impact on many socioeconomic sectors, particularly agriculture. However, potential changes to flash drought risk in a warming climate remain unknown. In this study, projected changes in flash drought frequency and cropland risk from flash drought are quantified using global climate model simulations. We find that flash drought occurrence is expected to increase globally among all scenarios, with the sharpest increases seen in scenarios with higher radiative forcing and greater fossil fuel usage. Flash drought risk over cropland is expected to increase globally, with the largest increases projected across North America (change in annual risk from 32% in 2015 to 49% in 2100) and Europe (32% to 53%) in the most extreme emissions scenario. Following low-end and medium scenarios compared to high-end scenarios indicates a notable reduction in annual flash drought risk over cropland. Flash droughts are projected to become more frequent unde

Ethiopië maakt momenteel de ergste droogte mee in veertig jaar tijd en geweld heeft hele delen van het land in de tang. Kinderen zijn het grootste slachtoffer van de situatie. Zij kunnen niet naar school en zien zo hun toekomst in rook opgaan.

Ethiopië maakt momenteel de ergste droogte mee in veertig jaar tijd en geweld heeft hele delen van het land in de tang. Kinderen zijn het grootste slachtoffer van de situatie. Zij kunnen niet naar school en zien zo hun toekomst in rook opgaan.

Gestational exposure to ambient fine particles (PM2.5) increases the risk of stillbirth, but the related disease burden is unknown, particularly in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). We combine state-of-the-art estimates on stillbirths, and multiple exposure–response functions obtained from previous meta-analyses or derived by a self-matched case-control study in 54 LMICs. 13,870 stillbirths and 32,449 livebirths are extracted from 113 geocoded surveys from the Demographic and Health Surveys. Each stillbirth is compared to livebirth(s) of the same mother using a conditional logit regression. We find that 10-µg/m3 increase of PM2.5 is associated with an 11.0% (95% confidence interval [CI] 6.4, 15.7) increase in the risk of stillbirth, and the association is significantly enhanced by maternal age. Based on age-specific nonlinear PM2.5–stillbirth curves, we evaluate the PM2.5-related stillbirths in 137 countries. In 2015, of 2.09 (95% CI: 1.98, 2.20) million stillbirths, 0.83 (0.54, 1.08) million or 39.7%

Laurent Lievens, professeur à l'UCLouvain, condamne le modèle des "business school" actuelles.

De rook van bosbranden leidt tot lagere leerresultaten bij scholieren, volgens een studie van Stanford University. De blootstelling kan later zelfs invloed hebben op hun inkomsten.

New Jersey public school students will be the first in the country required to learn about climate change while in the classroom starting this school year. "Climate change is becoming a real reality," New Jersey first lady Tammy Murphy, who spearheaded the initiative, told "ABC News Live" on Thursday. The new standards were adopted by the state's board of education in 2020, but because of the pandemic, the roll out was halted, giving educators and districts more time to prepare the lesson plans for all students in grades K-12.

J’ai – avec d’autres – la conviction que le maintien du paradigme dominant en sciences de gestion équivaut aujourd’hui à une forme criminelle de dogmatisme et d’obscurantisme, contraire à l’esprit des Lumières...

School and university students all over the world are planning to take school strikes one step further and occupy our campuses to demand the end of the fossil economy. Taking a lesson from student activists in the 1960s, the climate justice movement’s youth will shut down business as usual. Not because we don’t like learning, but because what we’ve learned already makes it clear that, without a dramatic break from this system, we cannot ensure a livable planet for our presents and futures.

Pour Thomas Gauthier, professeur, prospectiviste et Directeur du programme Sustainable Futures à l’emlyon business school, la survie des sociétés actuelles est conditionnée à une descente volontaire, délibérée et non-violente en complexité, à rebours de la course à la complexification technologique ayant caractérisé le XXe siècle.

Le philosophe et psychanalyste slovène Slavoj Žižek, professeur à l’European Graduate school, se penche avec nous sur la guerre en Ukraine et sur l'Europe.